Vegetarian Sourcebook The Nutrition, Ecology and Essay Example For Students

Veggie lover Sourcebook: The Nutrition, Ecology and Essay na Morals of a Natural Foods Diet. The biological advantages of a veggie lover diet instead of a non-vegan diet. The exceptionally negative impacts of a non-veggie lover diet on our condition. Asseo, Laurie, Associated Press, 7/22/99 Imperial Caribbean Cruises Limited was fined $18 Million for 21 crime tallies of dumping oil and perilous squanders from luxury ships. This refering to is valuable in documentation of a particular case to delineate the extraordinary costs included both financially and biologically in enormous scope ecological maltreatment. Studies in Britain relating the utilization of water hotspots for creation of meat. Comparative discoveries in the European Industry similarly as with the United States. Three to fifteen fold the amount of water used to produc Book reference: .

The Environment Essays - Climate Change Policy, Carbon Finance

The Environment - The Environment The effect of individuals on their condition can be decimating. This is the place the separate job of governments can settle on choices that shape natural approach and duties. These administrations can be separated into four unique levels: nearby, state, government and worldwide. Air quality and biodiversity are two current issues that can be identified with the job of governments. An Earth-wide temperature boost is likewise another ramifications that devastatingly affects the earth. Ebb and flow models remember the ascent for ocean levels, polar emergencies, the dissolving of ice sheets and icy masses and human passings because of sickness from the impacts of a dangerous atmospheric devation. Initially the earth can be characterized as the common highlights of our environmental factors, for example, plant and creature life and their natural surroundings, water, soils and the environment. A neighborhood government named Rockdale Municipal Council has actualized certain activities to manage the quality in that district. They have perceived that the fundamental wellspring of poor air quality begins from air contamination sources, for example, engine vehicles, mechanical premises and airplane discharges. The answers for these issues incorporate upgrades to Ryde and Botany Bay cycle way, coordination of land use and transport arranging methodologies, creation of Air Quality - the Facts booklet for network, examination of objections with respect to scents and residue, tree planting and readiness of a Local Air Quality Management Plan in 1999. Air quality is a significant issue in many states inside Australia that influences our nursery, to handle the suggestions state governments have made approaches and duties. For example Cities for Climate Protection (CCP) is a program that empowers fundamentally state governments to make a move on nursery. CCP furnishes these state governments with a key system to lessen ozone depleting substance discharges by helping them distinguish and perceive the emanations of their committee and network, set a decrease objective and create and use an activity intend to arrive at that objective. State activities include: catching the methane from landfill locales and open and non-vehicle transport into urban arranging. On a government or national premise Australia has utilized strategies to build the air quality. For instance the Commonwealth Government will ensure that Australia conveys a considerable amount of the weight in overall endeavors to battle worldwide air contamination through approach improvement and execution. They have additionally upheld the National Greenhouse Strategy (NGS) which started in late 1996. The legislature will likewise bolster the advancement of a national technique to watch and oversee air toxics. The air toxics system will screen, build up the degrees of network presentation to, and oversee emanations of chose air toxics. The government will even consider the consideration of air toxics in a future National Environmental Protection Measure. Further measures incorporate the main of the advancement of national surrounding air quality guidelines through the National Environmental Protection Council and the help of the foundation of a National Pollutant Inventory which w ill require huge organizations to freely report their discharge of 90 poisons. Neighborhood government Rockdale Municipal Council has acquainted obligations and strategies with diminish the loss of biodiversity. This nearby government has discovered that the reason includes the presentation of species, contamination of land and water, weed intrusion and urban infringement. Their answers for these issues contain the planting of more than 3,500 plants and bushes in Bardwell Valley and Scotts Reserve, shrub recovery and planting in Scarborough Reserve, association in Cooks River Foreshores Working Party and arrangement of a greenery concentrate in 2000. Arrangements towards the network remember controlling harmful weeds for your property, planting local trees indigenous to the territory and applying to the chamber before evacuating any trees. The Labor Tasmanian Government has made another Environment Policy on biodiversity that would like to save local plants and creatures. The approaches submit the legislature to energize network contribution in natural assorted variety programs, announce the Tasman National Park, set up a State Biodiversity Committee with network portrayal to orchestrate a Tasmanian Biodiversity Strategy, bolster the advancement of a State Policy on the assurance of leftover local vegetation, look at the chance of consolidating the Biodiversity Strategy into enactment and looking for the co-activity of nearby government and the network in including and authorizing organic decent variety rules being developed standards. The government has empowered a few

Case Study on a Day Care Essay Example for Free

Contextual analysis on a Day Care Essay At the point when couples are taking part in family arranging, there are a few things that they need to mull over. One such thing is the consideration of the kid or kids when it is the ideal opportunity for them to come back to work. A typical choice throughout the years has been that of the day care or kid care focus. Guardians today are understanding the significance of childcare focuses in their children’s improvement. They are searching for childcare focuses that not exclusively will deal with their kid while they are away yet in addition will give quality, genuine learning openings and encounters. These learning openings will guarantee that youngsters are readied for their scholarly life in school as well as for genuine circumstances outside the childcare place and their own homes. There are five essential classes of day cares: Child care focuses, instructive day care, family day care, non-benefit day care and financed day care. A kid care focus is a huge day-care supplier and is regularly diversified under a brand name. They regularly have broad offices, including pools and enormous play areas. They likewise give day care to different ages partitioned into littler gatherings by age. Instructive day cares are planned to furnish kids with pre-school learning and aptitudes to set up her for kindergarten or primary school. They endeavor to give kids adjusted profound, physical, mental and passionate help to set them up for lifes challenges. A family day care is given in the parental figures home, as a rule with the suppliers youngsters present. They give a recognizable and open to setting for your kid. A family day care regularly is littler than different kinds of day care. Non-benefit day cares are controlled by non-benefit associations, for example, places of worship or temples. They once in a while incorporate strict tutoring and are frequently more reasonable than different sorts of day care as a result of their non-benefit status. Sponsored day care programs are those that give monetary help either through the bureaucratic or state government or a business. The day care visited by bunch five, was an instructive childcare. The childcare takes into account youngsters between three (3) months and three (3) years of age. Toward the start of September, there were an aggregate of forty (40) youngsters. As of now, there are twenty-six (26) youngsters there. Space and Equipment The day care is perfect and clean. There is no trash lying around, floors are spotless as they are continually wiped when wrecks are made. The kitchen is sufficiently enormous to encourage the free development when 2-3 people are in there making food arrangements. It is likewise away from the zones where diapers are changed and away from the restroom. Plainly incredible thought was taken concerning harsh climate, as the space in the day care is sufficiently enormous to isolate dozing youngsters from playing kids and the individuals who are learning. The zone is huge enough for everybody to play when they can't go outside despite the fact that the tables where they have their dinners are there. There are five smoke alarms all through the structure, a fire help pack and a fire quencher that are deliberately puts. Standard childproofing methods are used, (secured outlets, wellbeing entryways, entryway locks). The inside is secure, having a bell that is working and in this way, outsiders can't simply stroll in from the avenues. The structure is appropriately lit and ventilated and entryways are set deliberately also to encourage crisis exit if important. There is momentary parking spot at the front for guardians and gatekeepers who come to drop off and get their youngsters. Caregivers’ Credentials/Qualifications Because the parental figures are required to make a sheltered and invigorating condition for the youngsters to create in, it is significant that the staff get formal preparing that will outfit them with the apparatuses important to do as such. All the individuals from staff are qualified. The capabilities held are shifted. There are individuals from staff who have Level 1 and 2 Certificates in Early Childhood Care and Development from HEART Trust NTA. Other capability held by staff is a Certificate in Practical Nursing and Heart care and a Diploma in Early Childhood Teacher Education. Program Activities At this phase of the child’s improvement, it is critical to have exercises that draw in the children’s minds and create abilities that will be required in further learning. At the day care, there is an organized timetable that incorporates a lot of time for physical action, calm time (counting day by day perusing meetings for gatherings and people), bunch exercises, singular exercises, dinners, tidbits, and extra time. The exercises spread the length of time that the kids are at the day care from the snapshot of appearance to the hour of takeoff. The physical exercises come in differed structures including music development (move) and play time-outside play and free play. Free play is for the kids to do whatever they want to do, regardless of whether it is participating in inventive play with their little companions or without anyone else, playing with toys, or glancing through their image books. Outside, there is a slide, a swing, a monkey bar and a few tires for the kids to slither through. Gathering exercises incorporate a few parts of the physical exercises and story time, just as their fluctuated innovative, manipulative exercises. Such imaginative/manipulative exercises incorporate finger painting, drawing, and making things out of earth batter. This is finished with the help of the staff. A ton of the tales are made up dependent on a progression of pictures that are taped to the dividers of the childcare. Guardians additionally connect with the kids in picture games. The youngsters structure a ring and are indicated pictures that they are to distinguish. The individuals who effectively distinguish the photos get an additional treat at feast time. They are additionally instructed nursery rhymes, for example, â€Å"hey diddle diddle†, and â€Å"itsy bitsy spider† and the letters in order tune. There are assigned occasions for snacks, and different suppers. They don't permit the youngsters to eat directly for the duration of the day however empower the propensity for eating at interims. There is likewise assigned naptime and calm time for the kids. The exercises are proper as they are with regards to Piaget’s hypothesis of psychological turn of events. In the sensorimotor phase of psychological turn of events, which is the primary stage, Piaget focuses on the significance of disclosure through a child’s dynamic cooperation with the earth. Among birth and age two (2), youngsters find the world utilizing their faculties and engine action since they are restricted by their failure to utilize language or images at this stage. Consequently, the hands on exercises that they are occupied with, assists with upgrading psychological advancement at this stage. Instructor youngster Relationships According to Erikson’s psychosocial hypothesis of improvement, trust is recognized as the principal major formative undertaking of youth, and is set up in childrens first relationship with their guardians, guardians and educators. Trust is the first pre-essential for powerful learning. It supports a feeling of prosperity and enthusiastic security in small kids, making a strong establishment for future gaining from the dynamic encounters of adolescence. Without the help of early trust associations with caring grown-ups, youngsters are sick prepared to take the sorts of hazard basic to the learning procedure. Trust creates when kids come to envision positive encounters in the kid care settings. On the off chance that trust is to create, youngsters need delicate and discerning guardians that comprehend childrens needs and reliably offer delicate, responsive consideration. Having gotten formal preparing to deal with the youngsters, they have a comprehension of the significance of their associations with the kids and in this manner treat the kids in like manner. It is obvious that the kids trust their parental figures as they lovingly allude to them as â€Å"Auntie† and comforting grin light up their little faces at whatever point they see the individuals from staff stroll through the entryway. The staff plays with the kids during their recess. There is fast responsiveness to the cries or upheavals of the youngsters and consolation is given when the baby is crying, aside from in situations when the kid is pitching a fit. In such cases, the baby is addressed immovably however delicately. The proportion of instructor to kid is 1: 6. Nonetheless, the overseers attempt to share their considerations uniformly among the kids. They will in general gathering the kids together when they are connecting with them so none is forgotten about. There were exhibitions of uplifting feedback from the guardians. At the point when a kid didn't care for what was set up for them to eat, the individual in question was urged into eating by the utilization of different techniques, one of which was to imagine that the spoonful of food was a plane stacked with amenities. The kid was adulated when the person in question would bite the food and swallow it. The parental figure would likewise remunerate the kid with the alternative of having their juice before the water if the food was eaten. A feeling of self-rule is recognized as the second major formative undertaking of youth and is created when a kid is permitted to rehearse recently obtained physical aptitudes. At the childcare, the kids are urged to get things done for themselves. There are little children who like to take care of themselves, despite the fact that they make somewhat of a wreck when they do. In any case, they are permitted to do as such. They are urged to get after themselves and accordingly go around getting toys when they are finished playing. During outside play, the more seasoned and more grounded kids are permitted to climb the playground equipment without anyone else with the ‘Auntie’ floating close by to give help in the event that it is required. Suggestions A decent day care is one that has a decent notoriety. Nobody will wan

Methods of Value Engineering

Techniques for Value Engineering CHAPTER1: INTRODUCTION In future the proactive and powerful oversee of cost, agreements, correspondence and cases †the four Cs-will reliably turn out to be progressively imperative to engineers and facilitators associated with physical structures and properties. The Quantity assessor ought to comprehend the difficulties and openings introduced by the necessities of customer comparable to cost, agreements, correspondence and claims and maybe center their advancement around the significant connections between the capacities. Changes and improvements in the business and market will likewise impact the manner by which these capacities are overseen. For those experts who convey these administrations to the business, the emphasis ought to be on customer fulfillment and a positive encounter for all concerned. Building up a connection in successfully dealing with the procedure to guarantee achievement ought to be the essential point of the chief. This ought to be done in close association with all functionaries, occupied with the procedure. Arranging, controlling and co-ordinating financial plans and cost plans, just as open outcomes will restrict asserts and encourage the procedure of agreement the board. The agreement ought to likewise encourage associations and the framework ought to be planned for fulfilling needs, looking for circumstance and scrutinizing development. Part 2: AIMS OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The principle goal of this paper is to consider the subject of significant worth designing (presently know as worth administration) from QS (ME) point of view. In view of the parameters; cost, agreements, correspondence and cases the worth building study is done and the difficulties looked by the amount assessor is additionally talked about. The goal of the investigation can be summed up as follows. To contemplate the subject of significant worth designing and its system. To consider the worth designing significance in cost the board and the amount assessors job. To concentrate how the determination of agreements can increase the value of the undertaking and the amount assessors commitment to that procedure. To consider the amount assessors correspondence techniques to accomplish the normal worth and customers destinations. To concentrate how the information on amount assessor can include esteem (regarding cash, time and exertion) during questions. Part 3: VALUE ENGINEERING THEORY METHODOLOGY 3.1: Methodology Worth building procedure developed during the 1940s when the progress was produced using the quest for an option in contrast to the quest for methods for satisfying the elements of another option. In the blink of an eye thereafter it was seen that work situated adjustments in working techniques regularly bring about improving quality alongside disposing of pointless cost (Palmer et al., 1996). Since its presentation, the system has been all around created to be applied in development industry, as it empowers acknowledgment of life cycle cost and cost viability of ventures (Omigbodun, 2001). VE in the development business is for the most part a composed exertion to challenge the structure and development plans of undertakings to give the necessary office at the least generally speaking costs, steady with prerequisites for execution, unwavering quality and practicality (DellIsola, 1988). Deferrals in development tasks might be because of absence of carefully contrived plans (Ghorbani a nd Shokri, 2005) and thusly spending shortage (Mirmoham madsadeghi and Aghdami Thani, 2005). Through all-unavoidable use of the VE approach such deterrents might be kept away from. This judgment is made in light of the fact that VE can improve plans and structures alongside frugality in spending consumptions. Investigates (for example Mirmoham madsadeghi and Aghdami Thani, 2005) show that this carelessness is frequently because of restricted access to specialists and absence of information about the strategy and its advantages (Table 1). One may understand that these two elements may incline VE groups towards other obstacle factors (Mirmoham madsadeghi and Aghdami Thani, 2005). This snag might be overcomed with plan of action to man-made reasoning (AI) models. Case-based thinking (CBR) from AI might be used to upgrade effectiveness of VE concentrate through plotting a model of the master information for a VE workshop. The innate analogical nature of a CBR model would encourage access to progressively thorough and methodicallly arranged data during a VE workshop. Because of the fact that VE in the development business envelops a psychological procedure, such a thinking strategy could be imperative and could avow promising outcomes. Besides, arranged foundation information on the information base may upgrade the innovativeness of the VE study group, and change their imagination to ability from an intuitive conduct of brain. 3.2: Value Engineering Theory VE might be characterized as an imaginative, composed methodology whose goal is to enhance cost and additionally execution of an office or framework (DellIsola, 1988). The central purposes of the idea are work investigation and innovativeness. Through characterizing capacities and grouping them, it spots capacities with progressively capability of expanding esteem. From that point with the imaginative methodology elective thoughts would be prescribed to supplant unique plan. A set up system for satisfying alloted undertakings of the procedure has been characterized as the VE work plan. The activity plan is characterized through uncommon stages extending from five to eight in different variants, all after a similar idea (Assaf et al., 2000). A normal rendition, including five stages, is chosen in this investigation (Philips, 2003): (1) Information stage: data securing, work investigation and choosing territories with poor incentive for point by point study. (2) Creative stage: producing thoughts as a choice to meet the prerequisites of an understudied work. (3) Analytical stage: assessment of thoughts and choosing the best down to earth thoughts. (4) Development stage: creating noticeable thoughts and determination of the best thought. (5) Presentation stage: suggesting a VE change and improvement proposition in a most testing group. Collaboration is a basic marvel in the VE work plan, bringing about intersection authoritative lines (DellIsola, 1988). The perfect gatherings for VE should grasp various orders (Phillips, 2003): Configuration bunches containing venture engineers, originators, artists and basically builds who are answerable for development. Administrators bunches including chiefs and development engineers. Specialists in costs bunches with for example cost evaluators and bookkeepers. Improvement bunches containing development specialists, business and money related specialists. Coordinator gatherings, for example, inconvenience shooters or development supervisors. Part 4: MANAGEMENT OF COST 4.1: Aims Goals of cost the executives The fundamental objectives of cost the board and estimating of a task or item identify with the connection among cost and natural worth, moderateness according to necessities or venture, and dealing with the acquirement procedure. The cost supervisors ought to hence comprehend that they have to work with customers from the very commencement of an undertaking, significantly prior and afterward all through the procedure to guarantee the best outcomes. This doesn't imply that a cost organizer or cost chief is a cost shaper, a long way from it a cost director should assume liability ( with originators, customer and other move players) to guarantee the enthusiasm of the customer, network and condition are served ( Ferry and Brandon, 1991:5). Grover Cleveland (refered to in Nel, 1992:43) expressed the accompanying about the property venture: No speculation on earth is so protected, so sure, so sure to advance its proprietor. Be that as it may, one additionally needs to accept best an incentive into account just as to put accessible assets to best utilize. This incorporates outfitting, cost structure or configuration to cost, cost arranging, cost control, design, area condition and so on. Sound speculation has demonstrated its worth, been a sheltered protection from against sick fortune, created pay, gave security and demonstrated itself to be away of delivering riches( Nel, 1992:43). Using assets to best impact will improve these advantages considerably further. The cost administrator needs to comprehend that the kind of development required for a structure will likewise impacted the exhibition of the structure after some time, including the practical exhibitions of the clients condition (mole, refered to in Venmore-Rowland, Brandon and Mole, 1991:307). The cost chiefs ought to be consistently included from the structure to the co-appointment and reviewing, to guarantee best cost outcomes, explicitly in business property, where venture is required to yield the best monetary returns. Different territories of cost the executives that need consideration are income, the planning of installments, loan fees and the accessibility of assets at explicit occasions. These viewpoints likewise impact the complete money related expense and possible profits for a property speculation. Kenley (2003:3) stresses the potential estimation of improved and key income to upgrade the productivity of the development business, with the further potential to offer diminished expenses to the customer and improved temporary worker execution. Income estimate and the executives ought to along these lines be a piece of the cost administrators administration to guarantee that the designers get the full advantages of expert dynamic consideration. The cost chiefs (Quantity Surveyors) included must go past a re-dynamic help. It ought to likewise incorporate an assistance that considers the accompanying parts of significant worth. Physical: a quality structure Mental; a wonderful looking structure which is acceptable to live in, spots of the spirit Genuine quality: savvy however with details that fit the reason. Solidness: considering life cycle expenses and entire life cycle costs. Configuration: plan to cost, cost structure and appearance. Moderateness: financial plan and returns are significant. Agelessness: momentary molds instead of structure that will withstand the weights of current impulses. The cost director, while imparting choices and alternatives to the planners and the customer ought to recall the job of relative quality,

The Best Local Restaurants for Friends and Family

The Best Local Restaurants for Friends and Family At this point, Ive just about eaten my way through the Champaign-Urbana community. And let me tell youâ€"Ive had some great food. Ive also had some not great food. This will be my second, or better yet, my revised version of Where to Eat when Visiting Campus. Because, lets be real, most of those restaurants arent open anymore anyway. Jupiters Pizza and Billiards There are very few things that get me as excited as pizza. And better yet, the best barbecue chicken pizza Ive ever had. But surprisingly enough, it wasnt the pizza that got me hooked on Jupiters; it was the arcade. Photo from Rachel Hernandez Everyday Kitchen I am a foodie, and nothing makes a foodie happier than aesthetically pleasing appetizers. At this point, Ive tried near everything on the appetizer side of Everyday Kitchens menu. My personal recommendation is the kale, mushroom, and sausage flatbread, sweet potato rounds, and corn ribs. Photo from Rachel Hernandez Watsons Shack and Rail The thought of elevated fried chicken made me laugh. That was, until I tasted Watsons. This gem is located in downtown Champaign and is always packed with patrons. From chicken and tacos to mouth-watering slushies, Watsons knows how to feed a crowd. My personal recommendation is fried chicken and fried fish tacos with an appetizer of roasted brussels sprouts. View this post on Instagram It might be cold outside, but it’s still Nashville Hot in here. . . . #WatsonsShack #Watsons #WatsonsRail #UIUC #Foodies #EatingIllini #Yum #Delicious #Mmm #FriedChicken #Illini #DowntownChampaign #Illinois #Restaurants #Eeeats #SpoonUIUC #Foodie #Chicken #Shack #ShackSnack #ShackSpecial #EatCU #NomNom #CUFoodie #instaillinois #slush #slushie #slushshack A post shared by Watsons Shack Rail (@watsonschicken) on Nov 12, 2019 at 2:19pm PST Smallcakes You may recognize Smallcakes by the name since they are a cupcake chain. But new to the Champaign area, my roommate and I had to give them a try. To put our obsession lightly, we are both rewards member and have received 2 free cupcakes each from points alone. You can choose from ice cream, cupcakes, or a smashcake (ice cream and cupcake combo). My recommendation is a smashcake with cookies and cream ice cream and a hostess cupcake! Photo from Rachel Hernandez Courier Cafe Courier Cafe has been a favorite of mine since long before I was a student at the U of I. With a delicious salad bar, burgers, chicken, steak, and more milkshake flavors than you can imagine, Courier Cafe is sure to please everyone in your group. My personal recommendation is the pesto pitas with chicken and a chocolate shake! Photo from Rachel Hernandez Rachel Class of 2020 I am studying Middle Grades Education with concentrations in Social Sciences and Literacy in the College of Education. Although I now reside in Champaign, I am originally from Vernon Hills, a Northwest suburb of Chicago.

Why Genetic Engineering Is Important - Free Essay Example

  The platform of the world has been changed with the blooming engineering aspect. Drastic changes have been brought and are going to be established in the future and in this prospective, engineering is playing remarkable role and the way we perceive and estimate about the world varies according to our level of perception. Some ends up with the world fragmentation and collapse of the human civilization while some judges the most powerful and advanced humans to appear time ahead. Humans so called homo sapiens covered a long and dynamic history from apes undergoing modification and this fact can be understood as the undergoing natural process of rectifying genes that solely played a keen factor in the result of humans from apes to be entirely different from other creatures and in addition, possessing the high level of cognition and the social structure. The better understanding of genes developed a field so called genetic engineering which is the technology of bringing changes in genetic makeup of the cells including genes transfer across or within species to produce the new or improved organisms. One can figure out the vast differences in the human society going to be created by genetic engineering and some of the tremendous discoveries that will directly affect the population health and in addition, social issues and potential threads by its misuse.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What a long journey and a hope of better outcomes genetic engineering has set up in medical fields. The pioneer of discovering essential factors and mechanisms to the genetic engineering was Swiss microbiologist Werner Arber, who discovered restriction enzymes in 1968 and these enzymes are used to cleave DNA into fragments. In 1973, American biochemists Stanley N. Cohen and Herbert W. Boyer introduced genetic engineering based on recombination and their attempt was successful to become the first ones to cut DNA into fragments, rejoin them and reproduce new genes by inserting into E. coli. The late 20th century represents the history of DNA recombination and the genetically altered organisms used for the vaccines like pseudorabies while in the early 21st century, GMO crops and foods have been productive to farmers and they have been the important aspects in the daily market. Most importantly, gene editing has been a major concer n among the public and is surrounded with consensus and controversies.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The most controversial procedure is the human embryo editing which in fact viewed by most people as the threat to the human society since it can engineer the human baby completely unique and with high level of intelligence as well as inducing the new genetic disorder. However, looking over Government rules and restrictions and researchers promises on its right utilization, one must acknowledge the essential part this process plays in getting babies rid of hereditary and genetic diseases, which induces the family happiness and thus improving the quality of life.   The process termed as germline engineering which in fact a branch of genetic engineering has been reported to be carried out three times in China while in the United States, MIT Technology Review has posted a video demonstrating how human embryos can be edited and DNA can be improved and the article First Human Embryos Edited in U.S. published by Steve Connor demonst rates about the germline technology and informs about Shoukhrat Mitalipov, the first US scientist known to edit the DNA of human embryos using CRISPR, a type of molecular scissor. There are several criticisms and supports associated with it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although CRISPRs cut in editing embryos has created a broad spectrum of criticism, it is necessary to evaluate the achievements and the genetic revolution it can bring. It is a point to be noted that there is restriction over the investment of federal funds onto the embryo research. In this atmosphere, Mitalipov shows how much cautious he is regarding the embryo editing and makes sure that it will be used to correct genes rather than changing them. In the experiment, Mitalipov and his collaborators combined sperm bearing disease and healthy eggs and immediately added CRISPR, they found the result that 72% embryos were free from mutation. Preprint authors view the possibility of some embryos not taking up the paternal DNA. Some researchers suggested that mutated paternal gene might have disappeared from embryos but never replaced by the healthy version, which denotes the missing section of DNA and accompanying the unknown conseq uences. Among these lumps of condemnations, as published by the Washington Post on August 2, 2017, Mitakipovs first human embryo editing experiment corrects gene for heart condition using the CRISPR. This paves the path to correct DNA errors and in fact, control genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia and so on. The point of concern is how government takes in control about this blooming technology and its inventions of genome-editing tools but the public needs to draw their attention how genetic diseases can be solved at an early stage of embryo development and make their babies fit and fine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is important to determine how genetic engineering has been useful in producing insulin, human growth hormones, monoclonal antibodies, follistim, human albumin and other forms of drugs and the potential it holds and has achieved in curing HIV/AIDS and cancer. They are perceived as being fatal or slow poison to death. However, the time is knocking the door of their prevention and cure. How far has the genetic engineering been to solve those diseases and has there been any noticeable changes among the public? In August 2017, FDA approved a new cancer therapy called CAR T-cell therapy to treat B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia among kids and young adults. Kymriah, the term given to the cancer therapy and from the Swiss pharmaceutical company Novartis, was used for the clinical trial and the success rate was 83%. This success can be viewed as the beginning footstep to the treatment and very close approach to its cure. The proce dure of producing this therapy is directly related to modifying T cells which is assumed by scientists as containing potential in suppressing and eradicating HIV infection in humans after it was researched in lab animals. The hematopoietic stem cells also called HIV-specific CAR: CD4, one part of the CAR hunts and binds the AIDS virus while C46, an additional surface molecule prohibits HIVs potential to enter the T cells. Scott Kitchen, an immunologist from Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, believes that stem cell has tremendous ability to suppress long term effect of HIV and even remove the virus. He also estimates the clinical trial to begin within two years as his team has been in talks with Calimmune, the private gene therapy company, about this approach. We can see the future dimension that genetic engineering holds to replicate the power the way it does. In this analysis of its power to prevent diseases, the cost associated with it cant be neglected and the social issues it c an establish now and then can be conceptualized.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Several medical benefits are associated with genetic engineering, but the cost associated with new therapies and other medical procedures are expensive in such a way that it outbreaks the thought of being poor or rich, which ultimately address the classism. Lets take an invitro fertilization in consideration. It is of high importance as it provides the opportunity for infertile woman to have babies and it can be viewed as an important aspect to the society. Iva Roze Skoch, a journalist from the Newsweek generates the questions regarding the cost of IVF in her article Why Is IVF So Expensive In The United States? The point that she prioritizes upon is that only 15 states in the United States have the provision of health insurance coverage for the IVF. Surprisingly, Washington state does not fall under this category. The article mentions the self-concept of one of the women from St. Louis, Marie Clampell, who is suffering from po lycystic ovary syndrome and she figures out that it would cost more than $15000 to try to get her pregnant in the clinic through the IVF. In this circumstance, she perceives such an expensive medical procedure to be non-affordable to poor but accessible to rich folks. This is nothing as compared to the price of Kymriah, a cancer therapy that costs around $475,000 and might be costlier with its advancement in the upcoming years. If CAR-T therapy for cancer costs heavy, anyone can predict how much weight the cost of HIV treatment will bear in near future. Obviously, we can see the attachment of classism with the invention of medical procedures made available by the genetic engineering and in the future, this prejudice and thought will still be prevailing among people until the government tries to correct down the laws and make the medical practices that are fundamentally valuable cheaper and affordable.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is evident that the genetic engineering can change the genetic coding and hence bring several changes in humans. The article Can CRISPR- Cas9 Boost Intelligence? describes about the possibility of boosting the expected intelligence of an embryo using the laboratory tool in the context at which the safety and accuracy of Crispr-Cas9 is increasing at a significant pace. According to the bio-ethicist Hille Haker, genetic engineering will be useful to the wealthy people to translate the power from the social atmosphere into the enduring genome code and effectively establish permanent capitalist social relation. In the article, When Baby Genes Are for Sale, the Rich Will Pay, the writer Alex Salkever and Vivek Wadhwa present their future ideas about the genetic engineering in a funny style of writing and enlighten the social class issue since rich will be flexible to pay to reproduce physically and mentally powerful children. Obv iously, if this technology flourishes in the sector of modifying the human genes to make them powerful, good looking and intellectually extraordinary, it can introduce a new form of classism in the future society separating the powerful and genetically modified rich to one side of the coin and on the top dominating the bottom of the coin i.e. the poor and normal humans. The practice of changing the gene pattern with a virtue of the outcome of perfect human can introduce the critical issues associated with the social class. The problem of classism can be recognized as our mind encircle within the depth of genetic modification however nobody can find the reliability of scientific discoveries if the comparative analysis is carried out and it is necessary to restrict practices on human cloning and genetically engineering whole human and it is always important to analyze how progressive these future humans will be and their body being able to resist diseases   and looking to history of social issues, they were prevalent and still their topic exist however they cant be removed unless we dont change our thoughts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Some scientists predict this field to be curse to the human society but the future benefits it carries cant be suppressed with the negative views and insights. Charles Darwin presented his ideas how the changes take place in genotype of organisms in response to the environment and modification occurs. The introduction of this engineering has proved why adaptation is not the key element, but the theory of engineering can entirely prove to be proficient in changing the genotype of any organisms. The book written by the Scottish geologist, Man After Man describes about the practice of genetic engineering to modify humans into another form that assemble the parts of humans and organisms or plants and can be made either terrestrial or aquatic or both. Within thousands of years, homo sapiens will disappear. This book goes deep into how human races change periodically with this modern form of engineering. The writer fails to provide t he evidence about the foreign genes acceptance. Consider the example of cross breeding in lion and tiger that results to the reproduction of liger. These animals although they are of different species, fall under same genus which means they have same number pairs of chromosomes. Thus, in genetic engineering, to bring the genetic characters of both organisms to the new one, the chromosome matching is necessary. The book Man after Man fails to incorporate ideas about how post humans resemble animals features despite the chromosomes pairing do not match. The rumors about genetic engineering are propagating around the corner of the world and it is equally important to determine the depth of those stereotypes and understand this field as the future of humans to create the society with the utmost civilization.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Genetic engineering is a boon to the society rather than a curse. Being a human, it is important to analyze how much power it conveys to find all answers to our questions regarding the disease cure, and so many wonders. To some point, the development and achievements we have gained and that we are not satisfied of, might be our prevailing intelligence which we think, needs to be boost up and this possibility gets a height after our mind encounters the concept of genetic engineering. We underestimate our intelligence and determine the strong intellectual ability genetically engineered human possess. Time has arrived to be positive towards our own intelligence and considering the right use of genetic engineering so that we will be living a life we want. Ladder like DNA whose combination make genes are required to be used effectively to share the value of resulting outcomes.

UAE Consumer Lifestyle Analysis - 42818 Words

Consumer Lifestyles - United Arab Emirates Euromonitor International August 2010 List of Contents and Tables Structure of the Report 1 Consumer Trends 1 Increased Demand for Health and Wellness Products in the Middle East 2 Popularity of Online Shopping Grows Amongst UAE Consumers 3 Generation of Newly Thrifty UAE Consumers 3 Rental Rates Plummet Across the Uae, Adding To Consumer Disposable Income 4 Environmentally Friendly Consumers on the Rise in UAE 5 Consumer Segmentation 6 Babies and Infants 6 Kids 7 Tweenagers 7 Teens 8 Twenty-somethings 10 Thirty-somethings 10 Middle-aged Adults 11 Older Population 12 Table 1 Consumer Segmentation: 2005-2009 12 Table 2 Consumer Segmentation: 2010-2020 13 People 13†¦show more content†¦xpenditure on Non-Alcoholic Drinks (Current Value): 2005-2009 42 Table 46 Consumer Expenditure on Non-Alcoholic Drinks (Constant Value): 2005-2009 42 Table 47 Consumer Expenditure on Non-Alcoholic Drinks (Constant 2009 Value): 2010-2020 42 Table 48 Consumer Foodservice by Type (Current Value): 2004-2008 42 Drinking 43 Drinking Habits 43 Shopping for Alcoholic Beverages 43 Table 49 Consumer Expenditure on Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco (Current Value): 2005-2009 44 Table 50 Consumer Expenditure on Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco (Constant 2009 Value): 2005-2009 44 Table 51 Consumer Expenditure on Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco (Constant 2009 Value): 2010-2020 44 Smoking 44 Smoking Habits 44 Shopping for Cigarettes and Tobacco 45 Table 52 Smoking Prevalence: 2005-2009 45 Personal Appearance 45 Shopping for Toiletries and Cosmetics 45 Attitudes Towards Hair and Beauty 46 Table 53 Expenditure on Cosmetics and Toiletries (Current Value): 2005-2009 47 Table 54 Expenditure on Cosmetics and Toiletries (Constant 2009 Value): 2005-2009 47 Fashion 47 Fashion Trends 47 Shopping for Clothes, Shoes and Luxury Goods 48 Table 55 Consumer Expenditure on Clothing and Footwear (Current Value): 2005-2009 49 Table 56 Consumer Expenditure on Clothing and Footwear (Constant 2009 Value): 2005-2009 49 Table 57 Consumer Expenditure on Clothing and Footwear (Constant 2009 Value): 2010-2020 50 Health and Wellness 50 Healthcare 50 Health and Well-being 51 Sport and FitnessShow MoreRelatedAl Ain Dairy: Market Expansion1165 Words   |  5 Pages FACULTY OF ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY OF LJUBLJANA 1. Recommend new products for Al Ain Diary based on competitive analysis, consumer insights and emerging trends. Al Ain Dairy is the UAE’s largest dairy company by market share with customers not only from the UAE market but also from Europe and other Asian countries. Besides the dairy market, in 2004 this successful company entered in the juice market having an expansion goal both toRead MoreEconomy And Market Analysis Of The United Arab Emirates893 Words   |  4 PagesMarket Analysis- United Arab Emirates Located in Western Asia at the South-East end of Arabian Peninsula on the Persian Gulf is the oil-rich economy viz. United Arab Emirates (UAE). The demographic of the economy consists of 11.6% Emiratis, as much as 59.4% South Asian (including 38.2% Indian) and 29.1% others (2015 est.). The economy constitutes young population with majority of the population between 25-54 years of age (61.27%) and about 96% are aged below 54 years of age. 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There are many factors that affect the decision making process. One of these factors is culture and it largely affects the purchase of luxury goods. The culture of most communities and societies differs from one nation to the next and from one region to another. Cross-cultural analysis indicates thatRead MoreComparison Fo Marketing Strategies of HM and Splash3684 Words   |  15 PagesVIPIN VISHAKHA NATANI VS. INTRODUCTION In this term paper we will compare two companies, Splash of Landmark Group and Hamp;M, two leading fashion retailers in UAE. We will individually analyse the marketing strategies of the two companies and compare them to see which one is more successful in the UAE market. We will also suggest some recommendations for developing their strategies. 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Constraints and Assumption. 5 1.4. Product Need and Value. 7 2. Segmentation, Target Positioning 8 2.1. Segmentation and Target 8 2.2. Positioning Map 9 3. Marketing Mix 10 3.1. Product strategy 10 3.2Read MoreThe Wal-mart Company and the Possibility to Expand to the United Arab Emirates3514 Words   |  15 PagesIntroduction This project shed the light on Wal-Mart company and the possibility of it to expand and reach the United Arab Emirates. What are the effects ? Can the company succeed in UAE ? UAE is one of Gulf countries and major part of the world of trade and business. The country have unique attributes to Wal-Mart Company that includes religion, language and traditions. The country also have some economic as well as politic set of rules that might impact the success of Wal-Mart company. 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Ethical Issues in the Collapse of Lehman Brothers

Serge IRAGUHA Business and Society November 25, 2012 Ethical Issues in the Collapse of Lehman Brothers Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. used to trade on the NYSE under the symbol LEH as the fourth largest investment bank in the US. It provided global financial services in investment banking, fixed income sales, trading US treasury securities, investment management, private equity, and banking. But on September 12, 2008 it found itself under financial predicaments when it filed for bankruptcy. With $600 billion in debt, LEH stands as the largest bankruptcy in world history. The company experienced an alienation of most of its clients, drastic losses in its stock, and loss of its assets when it got devaluated by credit rating agencies. This†¦show more content†¦According to Attorney Tony Valukas, who led the investigation into the collapse of Lehman Brothers, they were shipping assets to London during difficult times to make loans appear like revenue. Surprisingly, the practice was technically legal and within the rules, but was it ethical? There is a blur area between what†™s legal and ethical. The blurred area was the gap that allowed many financial institutions to cause the global financial crisis, Lehman Brothers included. The collapse of Lehman Brothers was sudden and caught a lot of investors by surprise; consequently everybody tried to bail out as soon as they could. The market did not have enough time to digest the news, which led to panic. If Lehman Brothers had disclosed their financial standing clearly, they could have found a collaborative way to deal with the crisis with the different stakeholders of the company. This process would have been smoother and the consequences would have been minimized. By not disclosing information to the public, Lehman Brothers made its downfall steeper. When their unethical practices came to light, everybody panicked and reacted accordingly. Worth mentioning is the culture at Lehman Brothers that rewarded risk taking; the company had a bonus system that compensated people for generating stellar returns when the company was performing very well, but when theShow MoreRelatedLessons from Lehman Brothers: Will We Ever Learn1047 Words   |  5 Pages1. Describe the situation at Lehman Brothers from an ethics perspective. What’s your opinion of what happened here? The collapse of Lehman Brothers was the results of ethical failures which were rooted in its corporate culture. Lehman Brothers’ risk-oriented culture encouraged unethical decision for financial gain, therefore the risk-taking ideal and the overlook of questionable behaviors. Professional ethics was put behind profit, with employees ‘making questionable deals hailed and treated asRead MoreLehman Brothers1021 Words   |  5 PagesLessons from Lehman Brothers: Will We Ever Learn? 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A numerous amount of the general public lost their employment, while investors lost their money during this crisis. By the Lehman Brothers commercial real estate investments failing, they were not able to efficiently finance its operations. This was all because of the 2008 commercial mortgage financial disaster. In this research, I will use Assignments 1 research as the foundation to exp lain how the Lehman Brother crisis affects business, to giveRead MoreLehman Brothers : The Third Largest Global Investment Bank Essay1694 Words   |  7 PagesLehman Brothers, based in New York City, was the fourth largest global investment bank until 2008. They provided financial investment services, banking, and management around the globe. Prior to its defunct, its management consisted of: Chief Executive Officer, Richard (Dick) S. Fuld; Chief Financial Officer, Erin Callan; with accounting auditor, Ernst Young. The collapse of this 158 year old firm sent the US economic market into turmoil. Their demise left 25,000 people unemployed and millionsRead MoreToo Big to Fail: The 2008 World Financial Crisis and Its Aftermath1779 Words   |  7 Pagescould not really afford, particularly after rates began to creep up again. The worst of the crisis begin with the collapse of Lehman Brothers, one of the most famous investment firms on Wall Street with a 158-year old history. After Lehman Brothers announced it was filing for Chapter 11, seemingly every day for about month, a different legendary financial company teetered on collapse. Stocks recorded some of their most dramatic drops in history, including the Dows epic 778-point drop on Sept. 29Read MoreThe Role of Audit in the Collapse of Enron and Lehman Brother2959 Words   |  12 Pagesfailure 6 Lehman Brothers failure 6 Ernst amp; Young failure 7 Detection of fraud 7 Going Concern 7 MINIMISING LITIGATION RISK 7 Obstruction of Justice 8 Consultancy service 8 Conservative Audit 8 Conclusion 8 References 9 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In the UK, European Union and the United States the Global Financial Crises has sparked a series of high level inquiries into the role and effectiveness of Audit. It is noted that several large organisations including Lehman Brothers and Enron

Article Review Gill, Valerie. Catharine Beecher and...

Bailey Diamond In the article â€Å"Catharine Beecher and Charlotte Perkins Gilman: Architects of Female Power† by author Valerie Gill, Ms. Gill attempts to bridge the gap between what appears to be two powerful women of their time with two totally different opinions of the American woman and the type of life they should lead. The author points out the obvious differences of opinions in the writings of the two women, who are related by the way, and the different era in which they write. Catharine Beecher was the great aunt of Charlotte Perkins Gilman and lived and wrote during a time when a woman working in any other place besides the home was not something that happened often. A woman’s job during this time was to raise children and make†¦show more content†¦Both women also had the common conclusion that the woman’s place, whether it is in the home working or in the factory working, would make a great impact on the society. Architectural ideas as to better society are another thing these two authors had in common, as pointed out by Gill in the article. The elder author Beecher would make drawings in her articles about staging the home and using dividers as a way to make more areas in the home, and Gilman, being concerned about the lives led by farmer’s wives, included drawings of a farming community shaped like a pie that had common areas to share, as to make life easier for them. Interesting enough, Gill included in her article a picture of a drawing done by Beecher, along with her sister Harriet Beecher Stowe, later in life of a block of houses with common areas used to house the â€Å"homeless, helpless, and vicious† which very much resembled Gilman’s block community idea where people shared common spaces and so that some women could take care of the children and household duties while others went out in the community to work. This is an excellent example of Beecher thinking l ike Gilman in the mixing of public and private space. It is my opinion that the aging Beecher was beginning to think out of the box. This article was insightful and gave a great example of how people with a difference of opinion can actually be thinking the same. If one just read the two women’s writings without an open mind, one would think

Poverty Is A Grave Issue - 837 Words

Poverty is a grave issue that many people face worldwide that is caused by political and economic instability, discrimination, war, and a history of colonialism. Poverty is a social and economic problem characterized by a lack of income and therefore lack of access to adequate resources like food, housing, and services. This problem is widespread and is fatal; the malnutrition and disease that comes along with poverty kills millions of people. Especially in developing countries, diseases, such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria are diseases that tend to infect those in poverty, yet they also perpetuate poverty because the medicines can be expensive or hard to come by. Even without the influence of diseases, poverty is usually perpetual, making it had for children who grow up impoverished to get out of poverty. For example in the United States, the perpetual cycle begins with poor housing conditions and leads to low property taxes, which would pay for an education. The lack of acc ess to a quality education contributes to job scarcity, and in turn lower income. Income and economics are not the only problem caused by poverty. Crime rates and substance abuse problems are high in impoverished areas, contributing to the social problem. Additionally, the criminal justice system tends to be biased towards the poor because of high legal fees and institutionalized discrimination. Poverty is not just a problem to those who are impoverished because with less people able toShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Child Marriage Essay1266 Words   |  6 Pagesare still subject to grave injustice in many societies and such societies also suffer from underdevelopment for minimal role of women in their development. Nepal is a country where women suffer from the issue of ‘Child or Early Marriages’. This is a century’s long practice in Nepal and unfortunately nothing significant has appeared in form of tangible indicators that indicate the improvement in this grave scenario. International community and NGOs are working on this issue of Nepal as their priorityRead MoreThe Cause And Causes Of Poverty1325 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many global issues such as violence, lack of resources, and climate change that affect everyday life. Among the many is the issue of poverty. According to the Business dictionary, poverty is a â€Å"Condition where people s basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter are not being met†. Due to the serious effects and causes of poverty, it has always been an important issue throughout the world. Causes of poverty vary from country to country but the biggest and most common causes are thingsRead MoreEssay on Afghanistan- A Country in Distre ss894 Words   |  4 Pagesconstitution. The country like others in the Middle East suffers from enormous poverty and a few other problems to include the lack of skilled and educated workers, which also has such a grave effect on most other countries. The lack of is more than likely what lies beneath the country’s poverty. If people aren’t educated or don’t have the knowledge to perform certain tasks then this definitely causes a problem with employment issues. Not only does the country have problems as these but they are also plaguedRead MorePoverty And Its Impact On Education943 Words   |  4 PagesMany people have to fight poverty everyday and the worst thing about it is the fact that it has infiltrated our school systems. Many factors cause this higher unemployment rate and those related to education are on the top of the list. When these cities and towns enter states of poverty the schools are allotted less and less money so the aspect of education takes the backseat. Students are crippled intellectually because of the low grade resources and teachers they are given. This is happening allRead MoreMedicaid Expansion Of The United States1108 Words   |  5 Pageshave access to resources. 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Through the use of insurance mandate, combined with guaranteed issue of coverage, elimination of pre-existing conditions and prohibition against premium rating based upon health issue provides the basis for achieving universal (near-universal) coverage in combination with useRead MoreThe Case Of A Christmas Carol1339 Words   |  6 Pagesfirst person narrator is much more outwardly critical of Scrooge himself than of the larger issue at hand. The narrator is not rooting for Scrooge the whole time as the narrator in Pride and Prejudice is—the narrator in A Christmas Carol is the first person to call Scrooge out for his wrongdoings. The way that this narrator operates is by taking a stab at Scrooge without really commenting on the larger issues at hand, such as how to live life—instead, he is very raw with his emotion towards ScroogeRead MorePaycheck And Times Of Katrina Gilbert1358 Words   |  6 PagesThe documentary, Paycheck to Paycheck: The Life and Times of Katrina Gilbert, follows the life of Katrina Gilbert, a single-mother living in poverty, in Chattanooga, Tennessee. It records what life is like for most single mothers in the United States living paycheck to paycheck. Living paycheck to paycheck means that with each paycheck, the person does not get to save any of the money they have earned, in Katrina’s case, she uses the money to pay for the rent, bills, child care, gasoline, and foodRead MoreWhat Does The Phrase `` Design Matters?1091 Words   |  5 Pagessupport our lifestyles is obviously not sustainable. In order to change our course we must analyze the design flaws of our productive and consumptive patterns.This question advances our understanding of sustainable development by viewing it as an issue of design. We must first understand the faults in the systems designed and accepted socially, through a proper analysis in order to then manipulate system into a more sustainable one. Our readings have furthered our learning by inherently describingRead MoreThe Impacts Of A Cherokee Story : Trail Of Tears920 Words   |  4 Pageseastern lands, to newly established territories located west of the Mississippi River (Dwyer, 2014, p. 33). After researching the Trail of Tears’ impact to the five major Native American tribes, it is easy to see themes such as assimilation, racism, poverty, ethnocentrism, bias, cultural relativity and prejudice within this event. Early in America’s history, interactions between white settlers and Native Americans shaped the future of our country (Dwyer, 2014, p. 32). Shortly after arrival, European

Tlc Analysis of a Drug Component Free Essays

To: Wesley Clark From: Lizzie Heath Date: March 4, 2013 Subject: Thin-Layer Chromatographic Analysis of Drug Components (Experiment #15) The purpose of this experiment is to determine the components of an unknown drug and identify it as one of six (6) commercial drugs by using thin-layer chromatography. I added approximately a quarter of a tablet of acetaminophen, aspirin, caffeine, ibuprofen, salicylamide, and the unknown (#19) to separate test tubes containing 2. 5mL of dichloromethane. We will write a custom essay sample on Tlc Analysis of a Drug Component or any similar topic only for you Order Now I noticed that my unknown was a coated tablet. Each test tube was swirled until the greatest amount of each solid was dissolved. Each solution was spotted along a labeled starting line on the silica gel TLC plate. The TLC plate was put into a developing chamber containing 200:1 acetic acid and allowed to developed until the solvent reached almost to the top of the TLC plate, which took about 10 minutes. When the TLC plate finished developing, I observed the plate under UV light and noticed that the salicylamide was the only spot that fluoresced purple while all the other spots fluoresced blue and I also noticed that the unknown had 2 spots. I traced around the spots for each solution on the TLC plate, the only spot that I did not see was the one for the ibuprofen. I then placed it into an iodine chamber and noticed that the acetaminophen turned a yellowish color. I measured that the solvent traveled 64mm up the TLC plate by using the starting line as a reference, and, by using that information, I was able to calculate the Rf value of each solution by using: Rf= distance traveled by the spot Distance traveled by the solvent I used that formula to get the following information for the table below: Commercial DrugRf Value Acetaminophen0. 500 Aspirin0. 781 Caffeine0. 125 Ibuprofen0 Salicylamide0. 719 Unknown0. 109 0. 734 I am able to determine that my unknown substance contains aspirin, but I am not sure what the other substance is. I can speculate that the other substance is the coating from the tablet of the unknown. How to cite Tlc Analysis of a Drug Component, Essay examples

Banana Cake free essay sample

Greetings, my fellow visitors, today, I would like to recommend a few local dishes which you might want to indulge yourself while you are here. Firstly, I would like to recommend you an intercontinental dish known as†¦ Chilli Crab Chilli Crab, also known as Singapore’s unofficial â€Å"national dish† is cooked in various ways. The most common style is done with chilli and sweet-sour sauce ribboned with beaten egg. My favourite way and probably the most common, is to eat it with French bread or Chinese buns called Mantou to help you soak every last drop of delicious sauce. I strongly recommend all of you to try this dish as it is by far the best seafood dish in Singapore. Secondly, I would like to recommend to you the famous Chinese dish†¦ Fried Hokkien Mee You can easily imagine, from this description, how good this dish tastes! Egg noodles and rice vermicelli otherwise known locally as bee hoon, stir-fried with pork, prawn, squid, bean sprouts and loads of garlic, and then braised in a rich pork and prawn stock. We will write a custom essay sample on Banana Cake or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The dish is served steaming hot and garnished with fresh lime and a dollop of spicy chilli sambal. Alive with the pungencies of both China and Southeast Asia, Fried Hokkien Mee is one of the favourite Singapore dishes. Now, I would like to recommend a unique dish eaten by all races. This dish is none other than†¦ Mee Rebus Translated into English, this dish means simply ‘boiled noodles’ — but the dish is anything but simple. It is yellow egg noodles in thick, spicy, slightly sweet gravy, garnished with boiled eggs, sliced green chilies, fried cubes of beancurd, and fresh lime. Some people add a dash of dark soy sauce as a finishing touch†¦. Just like our multiracial society, Mee rebus is a fine example of a fusion cuisine. The egg noodles, beancurd and dark soy sauce are Chinese touches, while the gravy speaks of combined influences from Indian and Malay cuisine, with its curry-like flavour and use of dried shrimp and tamarind. Last but not least, I would like to recommend the traditional Indian dish†¦ ? Roti Prata A dough-based flat pancake that is cooked by heating over a flat grill plate. Roti prata is commonly served with either vegetable or fish curries, but it is not unusual to see it being eaten plain with white large-grain sugar. Prata-making has been refined to such an art that if youre lucky, youll sometimes see cooks get theatrical with the flipping and turning of the prata as its being cooked over the plate.

We Were Soldiers Once and Young Essay Example

We Were Soldiers Once and Young Paper We Were Soldiers Once and Young is a history book written by LT. GEN. Harold G. Moore (RET. ) and Joseph L. Galloway. The history book is based on the Vietnam War, which took place in 1965. The Battle of Ia Drang was said that it was the battle that changed the war in Vietnam. The book is a tribute to all the soldiers in the war and for their great braveness, love, and care for one another. It was a bloody war, but very inspiring to read about the courageous soldiers who put their lives on the line for the United States of America. Lt. Col. Hal Moore, Maj. Bruce Snake Crandall, Sgt. Maj. Basil Plumley, 2nd Lt. Jack Geoghegan, were four of many soldiers who fought in the Vietnam War. Lt. Col. Hal Moore was a lieutenant general in the United States Army and a strong powerful leader. He was known for saying there is always one more thing you can do to increase your odds of success, meaning that when you think you are down and finished, you can still try something to save yourself or a fellow member of your own soldiers. You should never give up or feel defeated! Maj. Bruce Snake Crandall was also a leader by flying unarmed helicopters. He saved many lives by flying his helicopter into enemy territory. His years of service were from 1953-1977. Sgt. Maj. Basil Plumley was known to many soldiers as Old Iron Jaw. He was firm and an accomplished war veteran. 2nd Lt. Jack Geoghegan was an infantry lieutenant who did not make it through the war. While caring and trying to save a fellow member of his own squad he was killed. We will write a custom essay sample on We Were Soldiers Once and Young specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on We Were Soldiers Once and Young specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on We Were Soldiers Once and Young specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer They believe the purpose of the war was to protect their country (United States of America) from the bad and help make the country a safer and better place. National policy is a broad course of action or statements of guidance adopted by the government at the national level in pursuit of national objectives. International policy is a set of goals outlining how the country will interact with other countries economically, politically, socially and militarily, and to a lesser extent, how the country will interact with non-state actors. Sometimes this is known as foreign policy. National policy was important to the soldiers because they believed in the purpose of the war and they were willing to defend their countries honor with their lives. The wartime lives of the soldiers who fought in the war were in a state of mind of mixed feelings. Happiness and devastating are two adjectives that can describe the soldier’s feelings in the war because at one second they can be happy that they succeeded on a mission, but on the other hand, it can be very devastating because one of their own soldiers could have been killed during the war. Aside from physical danger losing one of your own soldiers or having your family worry about you every day and night are some negatives and unpleasant parts about fighting in a war. For example, soldiers loved ones worried each day, and hoped that they would not get a knock on their door by someone who was going to tell them that their fathers, husbands, sons, or brothers have died in the war. Before I opened this book, I thought to myself that this was going to be a difficult and boring book to read. After the first twenty pages of reading, I was hooked on the book and started to find out more information page by page. It was interesting to me mostly because it was based upon facts that actually occurred during the Vietnam War. The one part of the book that I enjoyed most was towards the end of the book where they said how grateful they were for all the soldiers and people who participated in the war. I believe to remember the soldiers we should set aside a few minutes each day to thank the soldiers who are fighting or have fought for your country, is that best way to honor them. I recommend this book to all people even if you are not that interested in history. In my opinion, We Were Soldiers Once and Young is a must read because without the knowledge of past history in your country, you could be considered as ignorant. Works Cited Moore, Harold G. , and Joseph L. Galloway. We Were Soldiers Once and Young: Ia Drang, the Battle That Changed the War in Vietnam. New York, NY: HarperTorch, 2002. Print.

Massachusetts School of Law Essay Test Sample

Massachusetts School of Law Essay Test SampleA Massachusetts school of law essay test sample is required for all candidates who want to pursue legal studies in this state. It will provide a fair idea about what to expect when taking this kind of exam. Although most colleges and universities will offer such kind of education program, they are not generally accredited in Massachusetts.However, the state has taken several steps to improve its legal institutions. For instance, it became more independent from the United States Supreme Court and now practices its own fundamental constitutional laws. Hence, if you are interested in pursuing a career in this area, you should consider the top legal schools in Massachusetts. Here, you can find a list of the best colleges in Massachusetts for your choosing.You should find a quality legal education in this state that will give you the right knowledge on a variety of legal issues and methods of law. With the passage of time, legal education in Ma ssachusetts has undergone a great change. Now, there are even several online law schools that will teach you the methods of law and how they apply in the real world.The Massachusetts education system plays a vital role in a person's career. It can help you obtain an excellent degree in law and help you become a highly sought after professional. It is thus important that you choose the best college in Massachusetts for your legal studies.Nowadays, there are a number of legal colleges that offer a comprehensive program in a state like Massachusetts. You can choose a law school that suits your educational needs. The Massachusetts colleges that you can choose from include Massachusetts College of Law, Boston University School of Law, and School of Social Work.You can find a complete list of the universities on various online sites. These schools provide convenient access to their information and services.If you are looking for the best law schools in Massachusetts, you should go through the online listing. All these Boston-based universities provide one-on-one services to their applicants. They are available at any point of time to answer your queries and concerns.

Mid Term Essay Essays

Mid Term Essay Essays Mid Term Essay Paper Mid Term Essay Paper Mid Term Essay Michael J. Almasy Criminal Justice 211-04 Police Operations July 13, 2010 Kaplan University The development of Law Enforcement originated with the need to protect Humans, and property. Once organized systems were put into place, August Vollmer, the first Town Marshall for Berkeley, and later the Chief of Police and Crimininalist for Berkeley California is credited as being instrumental in many facets of Law Enforcement which are still used today and have been enhanced and improved several times over the past decades. His contribution were immediately implemented and respected by many large departments in the United States. August Vollmer served as Chief of Police for the Los Angeles Police Department, and during his two-year tenure before returning to Berkeley, he implemented many of the applications and procedures which are still used today successfully. Vollmer worked extensively with Professors and Leaders at the University of Berkley in his efforts to establish a professional model of policing and the investigative aides such as the Science of Criminology. One of his major contribution to the Criminal Justice system is Investigations where in 1907 he enlisted the help of University Chemistry Professor Loeb to help identify a suspected poison during a murder investigation (peak 2009) which led to the scientific analysis process of blood, fibers and soil evidence. This process of investigation still practiced today and has advanced since then with the aid of technology, and is used in solving or acquitting persons implicated in crimes. One of the most famous cases in America would be the OJ Simpson murder trial of Nicole Simpson and Ron Goldman. This case would use several criminology techniques to establish, gather and preserve evidence and one of the key pieces of the trial would be the leather gloves. These gloves contained blood samples from OJ Simpson, Nicole Simpson and Ron Goldman which would be later used for DNA testing to establish the identification of persons at the crime scene. This type of forensic investigation would not have been possible without the visionary accomplishment of Vollmer and the establishment of the first forensic laboratory in Los Angeles 1923 (peak 2009). Another contribution to the Investigative area of his work is when Vollmer asked one of the students turned campus police officer, John Larson to work with him in supportive research in the technique to measure blood pressure changes in criminals. Larson who had been working on the science of Measuring Blood Pressure and galvanic skin responses, which was the prior work of William Marston, led to the creation of a device to record both blood pressure and galvanic skin responses which could be used to assists investigators in determining the truth of their suspects. This device was known as the Lie Detector with the formal name of the Polygraph. Today, the polygraph is mainly used by employers to screen potential job applicants and is usually disputed by scientist as an inaccurate scientific proof of validity. August Vollmer has made numerous contributions to the world of modern policing and was truly a pioneer to the future of criminal investigation and a role model to follow. His extraordinary vision for the transformation of future policing should not be taken lightly. He single handily developed the way America conducts police work and investigates crime. He was instrumental in mentoring and influencing others to develop new techniques and technologies to support law enforcement agencies in solving crimes. Today, Federal, State and local law enforcement continue to build upon the direction of Vollmer ideals. In America our Law Enforcement is made up of Local Authority which is City, Town, Rural Township and Counties. The State also has authority, and we have Federal Agencies which is our Federal Government. Overall, citizens view Law Enforcement as protectors, regardless of the Levels of law enforcement. The contrast as seen by the Citizen is that there is none, and that Police Officers are the defenders of Citizens against crimes. The reality is that in law enforcement there is a contrast between the levels of law enforcement. Each level has substantial responsibility to protect citizens of the United States against foreign and domestic criminals and must be able to operate cohesively as one during the times of severe emergencies and when called upon to work together whether it is, for example transporting a fugitive or a catastrophic event such as 9/11. The following are the differences between the levels of law enforcement: Most of the law enforcement activity occurs at the local level, and therefore the local level has most of the authority and responsibility. The Local levels are dealing with the community relations, community policing and has jurisdiction of their cities and counties. The State Law Enforcement Officers primary responsibility is that of traffic enforcement of our state highways, which in California is the CHP, California Highway Patrol. They also have the responsibility to ensure the vehicles that travel our highways are meeting state safety regulation and get properly inspected. The Federal Government has Law Enforcement Authority and have an increased role to law enforcement recently especially since our crimes are now more sophisticated and go beyond our nation boarders. It is important to note though however, that most of the responsibility still lies at the local level. Agencies covered under the Federal umbrella are: Military (CID) Criminal Investigation Division, FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation, DEA Drug Enforcement Administration, BAFT Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms an agency of the Treasury Department, Customs, and Secret Service. Local, State and Federal agencies have similar functions and may differ due to jurisdictions, although as mentioned, the primary role is that of protecting our citizens from crimes and working cohesively as one at every level of law enforcement. Gould Publications Inc, Dempsey, Tom and Coffey, David J. D. (2001) Hiring process. Law Enforcement for the TWENTY FIRST CENTURY, An Entry-Level Guide 1, * Policing as a profession 1-23, 439 doi: n/a * The Polygraph: The Modern Lie Detector (www. umw. edu) * Kaplan Seminar * Unit 3: Patrol Seminar  Ã‚  Ã‚  Professor Richard C. Niebusch – Industry Expert * Pearson Prentice Hall. Peak, (2009) Kenneth J. From Citizen to Office Policing America 6th edition, 1 01-102, 1060130 doi: 363. 20973- dc22

How to Prepare for a Remote Job Interview

How to Prepare for a Remote Job Interview Some job seekers may be under the mistaken impression that having a remote interview is easier that interviewing for a position in person. Nothing could be further from the truth. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, remote interviews are becoming more common as workers are hired to work from home in the millions. Because an individual being interviewed wants to make the best impression during a remote interview, a few tips can help. 1. Prep the Area for Your InterviewSetting up for your interview in a messy room with children’s toys or other personal items around can make you appear unprofessional. In addition, letting an interviewer see the way you live is giving out unnecessary information that does not pertain to the job. When you set up for your interview, look around at what the interviewer will be seeing in the background. Keep your background businesslike, clean and preferably neutral. If your desk will be showing, organize the top neatly and get rid of any clutter.2. Show Some EnthusiasmJust as in a regular interview, an individual who shows no enthusiasm for the company or position will not impress the recruiter. Those who act bored or restless during an interview are perceived as just going through the motions. In other words, employers want employees who are happy to work for them and will do their best at the job. Enthusiasm for the position gets the interviewee closer to getting hired.3. Dress the PartDress appropriately for your interview. The point is to blend in with the culture of the company, but you want to use caution to neither underdress nor overdress. Stay away from clothing with logos and splashy patterns because it is distracting, and the hiring manager want to concentrate on what you have to say and whether you are a good fit for the company and job. Choose your clothing to fit in with the company and look polished for the interview. Although you may be tempted to wear jeans with your dress shirt, jacket and tie, realize that t he entire ensemble can reflect your attitude, so don’t skip on the suit pants or skirt. If the company dress is more casual, go with that but make sure your clothing is in good condition, pressed and presentable. In addition, remember to get that haircut if needed and present yourself with a well-scrubbed and polished look.4. Do Your ResearchIt can be difficult to have a good interview for a company you know little about. Do your research, and learn about the company where you are applying for a job. Whether in a healthcare job, sales, desk job or another type of employment, check out the company background, major news and the person with whom you will be interviewing.5. Keep the Noise Level DownWhile you are being interviewed, keep the noise level in your home down. This may involve asking someone to watch your children at their home for a little while or taking the dog for a walk. Turn off the television and stereo. You don’t want anything that might distract either you or the interviewer from concentrating. Turn off your cell phone or house phone ringer until the interview is over.6. Don’t Show ArroganceThis is a big turn off with recruiters. Talk about what you accomplished for your previous employer, but be cautious about bragging. Mention how your expertise benefitted the company such as talking about how your sales contributed to the company’s earnings, not about how you are the best salesperson in the business.Properly prepping for an interview, whether in person or remotely, is important to make that next step into a job successful. The way in which you find that job is also important. TheJobNetwork can help by doing the job search for you in any field such as sales jobs, medical receptionist jobs and in many other areas. After you enter your qualifications and job interests, sign up with TheJobNetwork, and we search around the clock for jobs that match your description and send you these listings in the form of email alert s.

The increasing cost of healthcare as new technologies are introduced Research Paper

The increasing cost of healthcare as new technologies are introduced - Research Paper Example nt of a variety of different diseases and ailments to a better degree, an underlying economic reality that is invariably represented has to do with the fact that the rapid level of technological advancement represented within the is causing an exponential growth with regard to the overall cost of healthcare. Essentially, the following research paper will be broken into four distinct components. The first of which is predicated upon seeking to define the problem and explain its overall relevance. The second relates to examining the problem from a variety of perspectives and utilizing economics as a means of educating the reader with respect to the complexities of the problem. Thirdly, the analysis will pose a potential solution to the problem and finally point out strengths and weaknesses associated with the proposed solution. It is the hope of this particular author that such a level of discussion and analysis will not only be beneficial with regard to understanding the issue but als o with respect to helping to correct it as future stakeholders will be able to recognize or issues and impact that continue to reduce the overall utility of healthcare by its cost ever upwards. By means of definition, the problem of technology and its growth is ultimately something of a double-edged sword. When one references the fact that limited levels of technology, exhibited during the early 19th century, created a drastically different Outlook for the patient, the reader can adequately see that a focus on improving medical technology and promoting development is as essential as any other aspect of the provision of quality care. Yet, as with any level of focus, it is necessary to understand the fact that there are other requirements that the healthcare profession must necessarily focus upon; not all of which are innately tied to the need to promote further levels of technology. In terms of analyzing this particular problem from a variety of economic perspectives, it should firstly

Module 1 Small Scale Evaluative Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Module 1 Small Scale Evaluative Study - Essay Example Evaluation in schools is of interest to various stakeholders in the education sector i.e. the government, parents, teachers, media and the wider society (Bracey 2006). Government inspectors have in many cases taken the roles of evaluation on schools’ performance in many countries although the new trend that is widely gaining prominence is that of schools doing self evaluation. Inclusion is one of the aspects of self evaluation that has been seen to have a wide range of positive outcomes if well implemented and it is for this reason that this paper shall seek to further on its impact on the evaluation process and how this can be facilitated by the SENCo (Swaffield and MacBeath 2005). It is a basic understanding that leadership should not be detached from the organs it is leading and it is for this reason that the process of inclusion is quite important in the cases of self evaluation for schools. All the stakeholders mentioned above need to work together and share ideas as evaluation is mostly the basis for school improvement and appraisal of standards of education. Valuable outcomes have been seen to crop up in instances where the school management and the various stakeholders come together and give ideas or good as well as bad areas that need improvement and how best to do it. SENCo has the best chance and has their work well organised when such a scenario is in the offing. On basic terms the teaching staff for example should monitor leaning activities, manage performance of pupils, conduct department reviews and become actively involved in improvement and development activities of the school. Students with special needs have various disabilities that affect their learning and for this reason there are more aspects that need to be looked into more than the case would be in other schools. This is quite an interesting aspect to explore into and the findings of this paper shall come from various methods

Mechanisms that Lead to Dynamic Self-organization

Mechanisms that Lead to Dynamic Self-organization SELF-ORGANIZATION AND GROWTH OF NANOSTRUCTURED BRANCHED CRYSTAL PATTERN IN BELOUSOV-ZHABOTINSKY TYPE CHEMICAL REACTIONS ROHIT SRIVASTAVA, M.Phil. 1. Introduction The self-assembly of structural motifs and the self-organization of dynamic motifs into highly ordered one-, two-, or three-dimensional patterns with controlled structures have received much attention in recent years, because of their importance in basic research and their potential applications [1,2]. The spontaneous formation of nano-scale patterns represents a significant way to control the structure and morphology of various functional materials [3,4]. This area is of significant interest because of its possible relevance in improving the materials properties. It can be achieved readily by organizing the nanostructure building blocks by reacting chemical systems over a broad spectrum of space and time [5]. The recent application of nonlinear chemical phenomena has been found in the designing of modern materials of advanced functionality [6-8]. The reacting chemical systems have also been found useful to fabricate and design of diverse optoelectronic nano-devices and nano-catalyst s. The role of self-organization has been exemplified to control the orders and hierarchy of such intricate patterns [9-12]. Self-organization, based on interplay between reactions and diffusion, has been found to occur in a range of physical and chemical systems. The recent development of non-equilibrium crystallization phenomena enables one to forms spontaneous, coherent, and periodic patterns which are accompanied by molecular interactions. Among the different nanostructures, the dendritic, diffusion-limited-aggregation (DLA) and spherulitic crystal patterns are attracting the attention of scientific community due to their importance in connection to some fractal growth phenomena and crystallography research [13-15]. The growth of dendritic crystals is also an example which mimics several pattern-forming phenomena encountered in nature and biology. The aim of our research is to understand the mechanisms that lead to dynamic self-organization in nature in order to anticipate the development of some interesting bio-inspired materials and devices that function far from equilibrium. The present research is also helpful to understand, design and control chemical systems that exhibit complex, non-linear, dynamical behavior in time and space. These behaviors include periodic oscillations, chaos, wave propagation and pattern formation. Such system may provide some insights into related phenomena encountered in biology, physics, mathematics, polymer and material science. The Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction provides a classical platform for investigation of these phenomena. The work described here is an experimental study of growth of nanostructured branched crystal patterns by utilizing three different types of BZ systems. In liquid phase, we observed the reaction system to result into well distinguishable intermediate spatial patter ns leading to the formation of DLA and spherulitic structures as the final product. The oscillatory behavior, exhibited by UV-Visible spectroscopy, was found to be interrelated to the DLA and spherulitic structures formed in the BZ system. On the basis of these results, a general mechanism for the synchronized formation of the ordered DLA and spherulitic structures is proposed. In another chemical system chaotic oscillations have been observed experimentally in dual–frequency oscillator o-Hydroxyacetophenone–cerium–bromate–sulphuric acid (OAP–Ce4+– BrO3−–H2SO4) in CSTR. 2. Scope of the study . Recently there has been increasing interest in fractal and self-organized nanostructured branched crystal growth phenomenon under non-equilibriums conditions. Laplacian growth phenomenon in pattern formation has attracted considerable attention.. DLA and spherulitic crystal patterns have also been observed in various crystallization phenomena usually at far from equilibrium conditions, such as electrodeposition, bacterial colonies, colloidal aggregates, dendrite formation, viscous fingering, and many others. Our research interests are to elucidate the mechanistic aspects of aggregation in macromolecules related to the biological pattern formation. The growth of nanostructured dendritic crystals is also a profound example among a wide range of pattern-forming phenomena in nature and biology. The study of chemical and biological pattern and their shapes have considerable current interest due to its close resemblance with morphology of growing bodies. Irreversible aggregation of small particles to form large clusters is technologically and scientifically important. Far from, equilibrium growth phenomena have been reported in electrochemical deposition, physicochemical and biological systems. The study of chemical waves, rhythmic crystallization in gel media and crystal growth, will be helpful in understanding morphological stability of growing bodies. 3. Objectives The present study includes the objectives systematically, from following angles To investigate new types of multiple patterns in mixed organic substrate of Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. To investigate stationary-like spatial patterns in dual organic substrate of a micro-emulsion system. To study the transition from stripe to hexagonal spatial pattern by varying the temperature and concentration of the BZ reactants. To study the growth of nanostructured DLA and spherulitic crystal pattern in BZ type oscillatory chemical reaction. To study the chemistry of undertaken BZ reactions and proposed the reaction mechanism. To study the entertainment phenomena between co-existing oscillators and continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR). To study the dynamics of the spatiotemporal pattern formation by varying the chemical and physical parameters. To elucidate the role of reaction-diffusion mechanism and self-organization process for the growth and morphological study of predictable crystal patterns with help of various analytical methods. 4. Organization of thesis The organization of thesis has been classified into following chapters. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the thesis. This chapter outlines, in brief, self-organization in nonlinear chemical dynamics and its relation with the material science. The work conducted and presented as part of this thesis rely upon previous research conducted across a broad range of scientific disciplines; which include an understanding of the concept of nonlinear chemical dynamics; the nonlinear reaction kinetics of the BZ reaction; and materials science. In this context, the workflow of the thesis is outlined in this chapter. One of the initial objectives of the research was to become familiar with the chemistry of the BZ system, with a particular interest in identifying the reaction parameters that control and affect the types of patterns that are formed. Pattern formation and chemical chaos in the BZ system was studied individually in different systems. Chapter 2 provides the literature survey from the historical background of the BZ reaction to recent development in pattern formation in oscillatory reaction media. This chapter includes the following subheadings. Historical background of the BZ reaction Oscillatory chemical reaction and chemical chaos Patterns and wave Substitutes of the BZ reaction Recent development in pattern formations in oscillatory reaction media Chapter 3 describes the detailed experimental procedure adopted for the growth of self-organized nanostructured spherulitic patterns and their morphological investigation in combination of dual substrates (adipic acid and acetyl acetone) and dual catalysts (cerium and ferroin) by utilizing a number of characterization techniques e.g. optical microscopy (OPM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometer and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The oscillatory behavior was also investigated by using UV-Visible spectroscopy. On the basis of these results clues are sought for explaining the observed growth of nanostructured spherulitic patterns inlight of self-organization phenomenon. Chapter 4 deals with the detailed experimental procedure for the growth of self-organized nanostructured diffusion-limited-aggregation (DLA) crystal patterns. The DLA crystal patterns were characterized OPM, SEM, TEM, XRD, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The oscillatory behavior, exhibited by UV-Visible spectroscopy, was found to be interrelated to the DLA structures formed in the reaction system. This chapter elucidates the roles of the various possible factors behind such phase-transformation along with the plausible explanation of the corresponding reaction pathways. Chapter 5 furnishes the detailed experimental procedure and analysis for the growth of nanostructured DLA patterns in microemulsion consisting of water, styrene, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTACl), potassium persulfate (PS) and oscillating Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reactant. The chapter describes the analysis of formation of a variety of spatiotemporal patterns viz. concentric wave, spatial (stripe) and chaotic pattern in the used BZ reaction system and has employed TEM, XRD and particle size analyzer to study the morphology, crystallinity and particle size of the associated structure formed. Chapter 6 of the thesis represents the detailed experimental procedure and associated studies for the investigation of chaotic oscillations observed experimentally in dual–frequency oscillator. Chapter 7 is the conclusion, which summarizes the research findings and also provides a future perspective of the work undertaken. References M. Antonietti, Nat. Mater., 2 (2003) 9. H. Cà ¶lfen, S. Mann, Angew. Chem., 115 (2003) 2452. J. P. Gollub and J. S. Langer, Rev. Mod. Phys. 71 (1999) 5396. H-J Freund, Surf. Science. 500 (2002) 271. T. A. Witten, L. M. Sander, Phys. Rev. Lett. 47 (1981) 1400. I. Das, N. Goel, N. R. Agrawal, S. K. Gupta, J. Phys. Chem. B, 114 (2010) 12888. I. Das, R. Choudhary, S. K. Gupta, P. Agrawal, The Phys. Chem. B, 115 (2011) 8724. I. Das, N. R. Agrawal, R. Choudhary, S. K. Gupta, Fractals, 19 (2011) 317. Gao-Ren Li, Xi-Hong Lu, Dun-Lin Qu, Chen-Zhong Yao, Fu-lin Zheng, Qiong Bu, Ci- Ren Dawa and Ye-Xiang Tong, J. Phys. Chem. C, 111 (2007) 6678. K. Fukami, S. Nakanishi, H. Yamasaki, T. Tada, K. Sonoda, N. Kamikawa, N. Tsuji, H. Sakaguchi, Y. Nakato, J. Phys. Chem. C, 111 (2007) 1150. A. Volford, F. Izsak, M. Ripszam, I. Lagzi, Langmuir, 23 (2007) 961. T. Wamg, An-Wu Xu, H. Colfen, Angew. Chemie, 45, (2006) 4451. N. Yadav, P.K. Srivastava, New. J. Chem., 35 (2011) 1080. N. Yadav, P.K. Srivastava, Cryst. Res. Tech., 46 (2011) 277. N. Yadav, S. S. Majhi, P. K. Srivastava, Bullen. Korean. Chem. Soc., 33 (2012) 3397. List of publications Rohit Srivastava* and P.K. Srivastava, Self-organized nanostructured spherulitic crystal pattern formation in Belousov-Zhabotinsky type reaction system, Chemical Physics, 426 (2013) 59-73. Rohit Srivastava*, P.K. Srivastava and Jayeeta Chattopadhayay, Choas in a chemical system, European Physical Journal Special Topic, 222 (2013) 777-783. Rohit Srivastava*,Jayeeta Chattopadhyay, P.K. Srivastava, Narendra Yadav, Growth of nanostructured Diffusion-Limited-Aggregation (DLA)-Grass like branched patterns in a Belousov-Zhabotinskii (BZ ) type reaction system, International Journal of Chemistry, 34 (2013) 1119. Rohit Srivastava and P.K. Srivastava, Multiple pattern in mixed substrate BZ system, Chemistry Journal, 2 (2013) 44. Rohit Srivastava*, and P.K. Srivastava Self-organized nanostructured Diffusion-Limited-Aggregation (DLA) crystal pattern formation and morphological transition in BZ type reaction system, New Journal of Chemistry (Under review), 2014. Rohit Srivastava* and P.K. Srivastava, Nanostructured Diffusion-Limited-Aggregation (DLA) crystal pattern formation governed by spatial pattern in reactive microemulsion system, J. Nanostru. Chem. (Springer Publishing) (In press), 2014. Conference Publications: Rohit Srivastava and P.K. Srivastava †Chaos in a chemical system† Proceed. 7th National conference on Nonlinear Systems and Dynamics (NCNSD), Organized by Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, (12-15 July, 2012). Rohit Srivastava and P.K. Srivastava † Self-organized nanostructured Diffusion-Limited-Aggregation (DLA) crystal pattern formation in Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) type reaction system† Proceed. 8th National conference on Nonlinear Systems and Dynamics (NCNSD), Organized by Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT Indore) Indore (12-15 December, 2013).